我用php ，curl主要是抓取数据，当然我们可以用其他的方法来抓取，比如fsockopen,file_get_contents等。但是只能抓那些能直接访问的页面，如果要抓取有页面访问控制的页面，或者是登录以后的页面就比较困难了。
1，抓取无访问控制文件
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<?php
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://localhost/mytest/phpinfo.php");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); //如果把这行注释掉的话，就会直接输出
$result=curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
?>
2，使用代理进行抓取
为什么要使用代理进行抓取呢？以google为例吧，如果去抓google的数据，短时间内抓的很频繁的话，你就抓取不到了。google对你的ip地址做限制这个时候，你可以换代理重新抓。
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<?php
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://blog.51yip.com");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPPROXYTUNNEL, TRUE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_PROXY, 125.21.23.6:8080);
//url_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_PROXYUSERPWD, 'user:password');如果要密码的话，加上这个
$result=curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
?>
3，post数据后，抓取数据
单独说一下数据提交数据，因为用 curl的时候，很多时候会有数据交互的，所以比较重要的。
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<?php
$ch = curl_init();
/*在这里需要注意的是，要提交的数据不能是二维数组或者更高
*例如array('name'=>serialize(array('tank','zhang')),'sex'=>1,'birth'=>'20101010')
*例如array('name'=>array('tank','zhang'),'sex'=>1,'birth'=>'20101010')这样会报错的*/
$data = array('name' => 'test', 'sex'=>1,'birth'=>'20101010');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://localhost/mytest/curl/upload.php');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
curl_exec($ch);
?>
在 upload.php文件中，print_r($_POST);利用curl就能抓取出upload.php输出的内容Array ( [name] => test [sex] => 1 [birth] => 20101010 )
4，抓取一些有页面访问控制的页面
以前写过一篇，页面访问控制的3种方法有兴趣的可以看一下。
如果用上面提到的方法抓的话，会报以下错误
You are not authorized to view this page
You do not have permission to view this directory or page using the credentials that you supplied because your Web browser is sending a WWW-Authenticate header field that the Web server is not configured to accept.
这个时候，我们就要用CURLOPT_USERPWD来进行验证了
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<?php
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://club-china");
/*CURLOPT_USERPWD主要用来破解页面访问控制的
*例如平时我们所以htpasswd产生页面控制等。*/
//curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, '231144:2091XTAjmd=');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_REFERER, "http://club-china");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
$result=curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
?>
5，模拟登录到sina
我们要抓取数据，可能是登录以后的内容，这个时候我们就要用到curl的模拟登录功能了。
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<?php
function checklogin( $user, $password )
{
if ( emptyempty( $user ) || emptyempty( $password ) )
{
return 0;
}
$ch = curl_init( );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_REFERER, "http://mail.sina.com.cn/index.html" );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, true );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, USERAGENT );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, COOKIEJAR );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, TIMEOUT );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://mail.sina.com.cn/cgi-bin/login.cgi" );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, "&logintype=uid&u=".urlencode( $user )."&psw=".$password );
$contents = curl_exec( $ch );
curl_close( $ch );
if ( !preg_match( "/Location: (.*)\\/cgi\\/index\\.php\\?check_time=(.*)\n/", $contents, $matches ) )
{
return 0;
}else{
return 1;
}
}
define( "USERAGENT", $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] );
define( "COOKIEJAR", tempnam( "/tmp", "cookie" ) );
define( "TIMEOUT", 500 );
echo checklogin("zhangying215","xtaj227");
?>
打开/tmp下面的cookie文件看一下
# Netscape HTTP Cookie File
# http://curl.haxx.se/rfc/cookie_spec.html
# This file was generated by libcurl! Edit at your own risk.
mail.sina.com.cn FALSE / FALSE 0 SINAMAIL-WEBFACE-SESSID 65223c4bd8900284ed463d2a3e1ac182
#HttpOnly_.sina.com.cn TRUE / FALSE 0 SUE es%3D8d96db0820c6c79922ad57d422f575e8%26ev%3Dv0%26es2%3Dcddfb8400dc5ca95902367ddcd7f57dd
.sina.com.cn TRUE / FALSE 0 SUP cv%3D1%26bt%3D1286900433%26et%3D1286986833%26lt%3D1%26uid%3D1445632344%26user%3D%25E5%25BC%25A0%25E6%2598%25A02001%26ag%3D2%26name%3Dzhangying20015%2540sina.com%26nick%3D%25E5%25BC%25A0%25E6%2598%25A02001%26sex%3D1%26ps%3D0%26email%3Dzhangying20015%2540sina.com%26dob%3D1982-07-18
#HttpOnly_.sina.com.cn TRUE / FALSE 0 SID BihcallomxMx-QZxzGrOlcSQx%2F0B%2F0cmr.NyQ%2F0B%2FcmGGalmarlmcHrcGlSmrmxmfxal_CBZ%2F_afugCmmGirBYHm0Bc%40fr5ciZiGG5i
#HttpOnly_.sina.com.cn TRUE / FALSE 0 SPRIAL bfb4102951fd5892a3fd5b42d442cd26
#HttpOnly_.sina.com.cn TRUE / FALSE 0 SINA_USER %D5%C5%D2001
